Cysts of the jaws university of missourikansas city. Nasopalatine duct cysts are the most common nonodontogenic cyst of the oral cavity seen in the general population. Other names were also used for the lesion such as maxillary midline cyst, anterior midline cyst, and incisive duct cyst and anterior middle palatine cyst. The cyst is located very near to the teeth but its origin is not related to the tooth. Nasopalatine duct cysts are the most common of developmental nonodontogenic cysts in the oral cavity and represent 10% of maxillary cysts. The purpose of this paper was to report an unusual case of nasopalatine duct cyst in a 7yearold boy who presented with a slowgrowing, slight swelling of the anterior palate together with.
These developmental npdc are usually asymptomatic and are discovered during routine radiological examination done for. Several authors have reported different dimensions of radiolucency as diagnostic of the cyst. Nasopalatine duct cysts are the most cormnon nonodontogenic developmental cysts originating in the incisive canal of the maxillae. A nasopalatine is the most commonly occurring non dental cyst. Pdf nasopalatine duct cyst is an intraossseous developmental cyst of the midline of the anterior palate. Mar 04, 2010 the cyst is so common, in fact, that it will affect approximately one out of every one hundred persons. The nasopalatine cyst npc represents from 38 to 43. Nasopalatine duct cyst npdc is the most common of all the developmental, epithelial and nonodontogenic cysts of the maxilla. These cysts are usually asymptomatic, but the most commonly reported clinical symptom is swelling in the anterior part of the palate, just behind the palatal papilla. The cells could be activated spontaneously during life, or are eventually stimulated by the irritating. Hence the existence of teeth mobility along with nasopalatine duct cyst can be a rare case. The cyst arises from epithelial remnants from the nasopalatine duct. Cysts in maxillar, mandibular and perioral regions vary greatly in histogenesis, incidence, behavior and treatment.
A case history of dental implant placement in the anterior maxilla with invasion of the nasopalatine duct together with the unidentified injury to an aberrant neurovascular canal inferior to the canalis sinuosus is presented. It is also known by other names such as anterior middle cyst, maxillary midline cyst, anterior middle palatine cyst, and incisor duct cyst 3. Presentation may be asymptomatic or include swelling, pain, and drainage from the hard palate. A developmental cyst, the nasopalatine duct cyst is believed to arise from epithelial remnants of the. The nasopalatine duct cyst occurs in the nasopalatine or incisive canal, and it may be difficult to decide on a radiograph whether radiolucency in that area is a cyst or a large incisive foramen. Surgical treatment was carried out under local anesthesia and comprised the dissection and removal of the cyst adopting a usually palatine approach. With major frequency in men, between the fourth and sixth decades. Anatomical evaluation of nasopalatine canal on cone beam. The nasopalatine cyst is the most common epithelial and nonodontogenic cyst of the maxilla. It is unique in that it develops in only a single location the midline.
These are normally asymptomatic, constituting casual radiological findings. Huge nasopalatine duct cyst treatment with the help of cystectomy. Anatomy and morphology of the nasopalatine canal using. Ct through the hard palate demonstrates a sharply marginated cystic space in the region of the incisive canal, consistent with a nasopalatine duct cyst. As a cyst, the nasopalatine duct cyst requires histological analysis for a definitive diagnosis.
Radiographically, the nasopalatine cyst appears as a welldemarcated round, ovoid, or heartshaped structure presenting in the midline of the maxilla. Yogesh 1, akshay shetty2, tejavathi nagaraj 3, pooja sinha3 1department of oral and maxillofacial pathology, sri rajiv gandhi college of dental sciences, bangalore, karnataka, india, 2department of oral and maxillofacial. Pdf nasopalatine duct cyst diagnosis, treatment and. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc was first described by meyer in 1914. The nasopalatine duct cyst is a nonodontogenic developmental cyst which originates in the incisive canal of the maxilla or the anterior palatine papilla. This cyst originates from epithelial remnants from the nasopalatine. Nasopalatine cyst is often misdiagnosed as inflammatory cyst originating from the incisor teeth due to the proximity of the cyst to the incisors. Nasopalatine duct cyst is a developmental, nonodontogenic cyst of jaw. This cyst originates from epithelial remnants from the nasopalatine duct. Nasopalatine duct cysts are cysts which form in the incisor canal region of the maxilla and originate in the nasopalatine duct, or its remnants. Etiology of this cyst is unknown 1,10,12, although.
It is unique in that it develops in only a single location the midline anterior maxilla. Nasopalatine duct cyst occurs in the median of the palate within the incisive canal, which is located in the palatine process, posterior to the alveolar process of the upper maxillary central incisors. Studies have reported that the nasopalatine duct cysts npdcs are the most common developmental, epithelial, and nonodontogenic cysts of the oral cavity 1, 2, representing up to 1% of all maxillary cysts 1, 5. During embryonic development, the nasopalatine duct connects the oral and nasal cavities. We presented a 46yearold male with nasopalatine duct cyst. Nasopalatine duct cyst diagnosis, treatment and postoperative complications. Nasopalatine duct cyst arises from embryologic remnants of nasopalatine duct. The prevalence of these cysts in women is three times the men 4,10,11. The nasopalatine duct cyst is consi dered to arise from the epithelial remnants of the the nasopalatine duct cyst is a nonodontogenic nasopalatine ducts. Marsupialization procedure is a recognized treatment modality for larger nasopalatine duct cysts, before a secondary enucleation is performed. Expansion of cyst may penetrate the labial plate and produce a swelling below the maxillary labial frenum or to one side. Nasopalatine duct cysts in 70 patients were reexamined clinically and radiographically. Nasopalatine duct cyst article about nasopalatine duct cyst. Pdf the nasopalatine cyst is the most frequently occurring developmental, non odontogenic epithelial cyst of the.
Nasopalatine duct cyst hindawi publishing corporation. Prevalence, distribution, and differential diagnosis of. Nasopalatine duct cyst incisive canal cyst the incisive canal is a midline bony canal, single. A nasopalatine cyst is defined as a developmental cyst that occurs in nose and palate region. Huge nasopalatine duct cyst treatment with the help of. The nasopalatine duct cyst was first described by meyer in 1914 1. It is considered the most common nonodontogenic cyst and develops only in the midline anterior maxilla. One branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion trigeminal nerve, maxillary branch, longer and larger than the others, is named the nasopalatine nerve sometimes called the long sphenopalatine nerve. A single stitch was applied without the cavity being filled in. It is one of the most common nonodontogenic cyst, comprising 10% of jaw cysts and occurring in 1 of every 100 persons with a slight male.
An unusually large destructive nasopalatine duct cyst. Incisive canal cyst or nasopalatine duct cysts npdcs are the most common nonodontogenic and developmental cysts of the maxilla. The cyst is commonly asymptomatic and associated with swelling that usually located in the midline of anterior palate. Extensive nasopalatine cyst with nasal involvement sciencedirect. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The morphology of npc was classified in sagittal, coronal and axial planes on the cone beam computed tomography cbct. Huge nasopalatine duct cyst treatment with the help of cystectomy and bilateral fenestration surgery of the nasal cavity. The nasopalatine duct cyst incisive canal cyst, median anterior maxillary cyst is the most common cyst of nonodontogenic origin in the maxilla. Nasopalatine duct cyst or nasopalatine canal cyst is a common intra ossseous developmental cyst occurring in the midline of maxillary anterior region. The cyst originates from epithelial remnants from the nasopalatine. Case report nasopalatine duct cyst pratikdedhia, 1 shelydedhia, 2 amoldhokar, 1 andankitdesai 3 department of oral medicine and radiology, terna dental college, nerul, navi mumbai, india.
One branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion trigeminal nerve, maxillary branch, longer and larger than the others, is named the nasopalatine nerve sometimes called the long sphenopalatine nerve it enters the nasal cavity through the sphenopalatine foramen, passes across the roof of the nasal cavity below the orifice of the sphenoidal sinus to reach the septum, and then runs obliquely. However, reported practices of tooth extraction, root canal therapy on vital teeth adjacent to the cyst, and the postoperative packing of the cystic cavity, appear to. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Pdf nasopalatine duct cyst is an intraossseous developmental cyst.
Arcuri 1 ds, university of rome tor vergata, department of odontostomatology, foundation policlinico tor vergata, rome, italy 2 ds pd school of dentistry aou policlinico g. According to shear and speight,7 a radiographic shadow. Cystectomy and bilateral fenestration surgery of the nasal cavity. A nasopalatine duct or incisive canal cyst is the most common nonodontogenic cyst of the oral cavity and occurs in 1% of the population. The world health organization classified the nasopalatine duct cyst as a developmental, epithelial, nonodontogenic cyst of the maxilla. At present, according to the classification of the world health organization. Pdf nasopalatine duct cyst a case report top journal. An erroneous interpretation of cystic radiolucency in relation to maxillary central incisors can often lead to inappropriate treatment planning. Nasopalatine duct cyst also known as nasopalatine cyst is a developmental, epithelial, nonneoplastic cyst that is considered to be the most common nonodontogenic cyst in the maxillofacial region. Nasopalatine duct cyst or nasopalatine canal cyst is a common intra ossseous. Nasopalatine duct cyst npdc is the most common of all. Nasopalatinecysts are usually asymptomatic, but may sometimes produce an elevation in the anterior portion of the palate, and arediscovered incidentally during routine radiological examination. Squamous cell carcinoma in the maxilla probably originating. Nasopalatine duct cyst also termed as incisive canal cyst, arises from embryologic remnants of nasopalatine duct.
Endodontic diagnosis is challenging and depends on the organisation of information from the patient history, clinical examination and analysis of the pulp, radiographic and histopathological assessment. The persistence of ductal epithelium leads to formation of cyst. It is known to be the most frequently occurring non odontogenic cyst of the oral cavity. Nov 16, 2012 the nasopalatine duct cyst npdc is an intraosseous developmental cyst of the midline of the anterior palate. A clinical report demonstrating the significance of. The clinical examination revealed fluctuant swellings of the.
Nasopalatine cysts are usually asymptomatic and may be discovered. The deeper nasopalatine duct cyst is covered by normalappearing mucosa unless it is ulcerated from masticatory trauma. Nasopalatine duct cyst med oral patol oral cir bucal. The cells may be activated spontaneously during life or are eventually stimulated by the irritating action of various agents infection, etc. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc represents about 1. As the palatal processes elevate and fuse in the midline, epithelium that remains in the oral cavity forms this cyst. Nov 04, 20 the nasopalatine cyst is the most common epithelial and nonodontogenic cyst of the maxilla. Nasopalatine canal cyst may occur within the nasopalatine canal or in the soft tissues of the palate, at the opening of the canal, where it is called the cyst of the palatine papilla. The cyst is so common, in fact, that it will affect approximately one out of every one hundred persons. Introduction a cyst is defined as a pathological cavity lined by a membrane and may contain liquid or semisolid material 3.
Nasopalatine duct cyst occurs in approximately 1% of the population. Dental and surgical controversial practices during the. The nasopalatine duct cyst is the most common nonodontogenic developmental cysts. A 21year old male patient complains of pain and swelling in the upper front tooth region since.
The cyst originates from epithelial remnants from the nasopalatine duct. Extensive nasopalatine cyst with nasal involvement. This cyst is the most common nonodontogenic, developmentalevolutionary cyst of the oral cavity 3 and is also known as the incisive canal cyst, anterior palatine cyst and the median anterior maxillary cyst 4. Nasopalatine duct cysts npdcs, also known as incisive canal cysts, are the most common nonodontogenic cyst of the gnathic bones. Cysts of the jaws made easy cyst lumen wall of fibrous connective tissue lining epithelium charles dunlap, dds umkc school of dentistry 212000 cysts of the jaws2a word of caution. A silent growing lesion angel terreroperez, mariela peraltamamani, eduardo santana, jose humberto damante, alberto consolaro, izabel regina fischer rubirabullen and ana lucia alvares capelozza department of stomatology, bauru school of dentistry, university of sao paulo, brazil. These lesions, also known by other names such as anterior middle cyst, maxillary midline cyst, anterior middle palatine cyst, and incisor duct cyst. A 35yearold man was endodontically treated for radiolucency in relation to the roots of maxillary central incisors as it was a provisionally diagnosed case of radicular cyst. A wellcircumscribed, heartshaped, midline radiolucency that is interradicular in location between the roots of vital maxillary incisor teeth is virtually pathognomonic for nasopalatine duct cyst.
A developmental cyst, the nasopalatine duct cyst is believed to arise from epithelial remnants of the nasopalatine duct, the communication between the nasal cavity and anterior maxilla in the developing fetus. Cysts can be congenital but are usually acquired, the most common. The nasopalatine duct cyst npdc was first described in 1914 by meyer 2. Anatomy and morphology of the nasopalatine canal using cone.
Most of these cysts develop in the midline of anterior maxilla near the incisive foramen. Since the palatal swelling persisted, the lesion was reevaluated using relevant diagnostic aids and a diagnosis of nasopalatine duct cyst npdc was made, which was missed during the initial assessment. Extensive nasopalatine cyst with nasal involvement revista. Nasopalatine duct cyst also known as nasopalatine cyst is a developmental, epithelial, nonneoplastic cyst that is. Nasopalatine nerve an overview sciencedirect topics. Mar 27, 20 if the cyst is near the surface, the swelling usually is fluctuant and blue.
Jan 25, 2015 nasopalatine duct cyst was described by meyer for the first time in 1914 1,2. The therapy of nasopalatine duct cysts consists of an enucleation of the cystic tissue, only in rare cases a. Report of case ritsuo takagi, dds, phd, yasushi ohashi, dds, phd. The radiographic and histological findings correlated with that of npdc fig. Nasopalatine duct cysts usually present as unilateral pathology, but they may also occur bilaterally approximately 0. Nasopalatine duct article about nasopalatine duct by the. Nasopalatine duct cyst occurs in the median of the palate. Diagnosis quiz case congenital defects jama otolaryngology.
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